liguria olive oil brands. Ligurian oil is renowned world-wide as the finest oil for delicate applications. liguria olive oil brands

 
 Ligurian oil is renowned world-wide as the finest oil for delicate applicationsliguria olive oil brands  The fish used in the burrida include rascasse, sea-hen, star-gazer, angler or frog-fish, eel, scorfano rosso, inkfish, octopus, suherello (a type of mackerel), and palombo or dogfish

Now Sam produces up to four tonnes of oil per year from 140 tonnes of olives during the three-month season. From the brand. The factory started in 1911 and has since then collected a lot of original pieces for the museum. Mix on low speed for 30 seconds to hydrate the flour, then increase to medium speed and set a timer for 60 seconds. Furthermore, archaeology demonstrated the presence of olea pollen in Liguria since 3,000 B. 7 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted, plus more for greasing; 1 3/4 cups all-purpose flour, plus more for dusting; 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder; 1/4 teaspoon salt; 3/4 cup extra-virgin olive oil; 3 tablespoons whole milk, at room temperature;Lemon, Love & Olive Oil. . ANATOLIAN GOLD. Bake 30 to 35 minutes or until cauliflower is tender. Preheat the oven to 450 degrees. Made with fresh Ligurian Basil and Filippo Berio Extra Virgin Olive Oil. 42 hectares of olive trees. Flavorwise, high-quality, ultra-fresh extra virgin olive oils are floral, fruity, and have a bitter edge and a. Aldi Remano 1. These two ingredients together (basil and olive oil) form the base of the most popular Ligurian food to eat in Genoa – Pesto Genovese. Picual olives are the most common variety in Spain, the country that produces the greatest supply of the world’s olive oil. We are an independent, small-batch olive oil producer working in the San Joaquin Valley and the San Francisco Bay Area. LIGURIAN TAGGIASCA OLIVE OIL - Italian olive oil from Italy, imported. Toscano IGP – Tuscany. Kirkland Signature Organic Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Three samples passed. This product has a pure olive taste with its silky texture and full. olive oil, not Italian at all. Liguria is divided into 3 zones where grow 3 different types of olives from which are obtain 3 different types of oil: Olio di Riviera dei Fiori (oil from Western Ligurian Riviera) the most frequent olives in that part of Liguria are olive taggasche. Here You can find the List of the Best Olive Oils Brands 2022 MOOOIC Edition awarded in the 6° Edition. Best EVOOs 2021;. Ligurian agriculture specializes in high-quality products such as flowers, wine, and olive oil. Near the taggiasca olive oil we. Fattoria Il Peraccio (pictured at far. ROI has been. 7 out of 5 stars 309So in 1997 production began on Maltese olive oil. A fruity and fragrant olive oil with a delicate aroma and notes of pine nut made in the Ligurian region of Italy, famous for its rich soil upon which olive oil has been made for centuries. Ligurian olive oil is often used for finishing dishes, such as drizzling over fish, vegetables, or pasta. Qty: Single Unit Case of 12 Units. Gran Cru Villa Magra EVOO by Frantoio Franci. 0. Comes in an attractive round bottle. usInstructions. Add the leek or onion and cook, stirring for 5 minutes. It tastes pretty good, but does have a bit of. Liguria is home to seaside resort towns in the style of Cannes and Monaco, dozens of sandy, rocky and pebbly beaches, in Genoa the country's largest commercial and naval port, some of its most desolate stretches of coast, and terraced hillsides that produce olive oil considered to be more delicate even than that grown in Tuscany . 55 per 100g. Butter and flour a 10-inch round cake pan. Sold out. 2. Ingredients: 100% Italian Extra Virgin Olive Oil. (1 liter) :. Pulse a few times until the walnuts are quite small. Add the basil leaves and another 2 tbsp. On the palate, the Tumai olive oil is delicately fruity and sweet, with a balanced finish that combines bitter and peppery elements. Although it’s more expensive than brands you get at a supermarket, it’s a treat and have recommended it to family and friends. Add to list. They're removed from the pot, while the cooking liquid is reserved for later. 8. For Dressings: California Olive Ranch. Olive oil plays a lead role in much of Ligurian cooking, including the preparation of Genovese pesto. Climbing from the sea, among twisted olive trees and dry stone walls, after ten kilometres of ascent among olive groves, you arrive at an old stone hamlet, in. Manzanilla. ROI Ligurian Italian Extra Virgin Olive Oil - First Cold Pressed EVOO, Fresh harvest - Ogliarola-Taggiasca Ligurian Olives - Polyphenol Rich Olive Oil From Liguria Italy - 17 fl oz (500ml). Tuscany, Italy Frantoio Pruneti Olio Nuovo. 9 fl oz. Other varieties present in the are are: Moresca, Tonda Iblea, Ogliarola Messinese, Biancolilla, Brandofino and Olivo di Castiglione. Thanks to the new production specifications and the supply chain agreement for the 2023/2024 campaign, the Consortium for the Protection of Riviera Ligure DOP Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Together with Liguria region, are promoting a development plan that involves the associations of the Ligurian production, artisan and industrial supply chain. The oil is lighter, with a milder flavour than that of southern Italy, and is wonderful with fish dishes. One taster called it “light, fresh and likable. Although buying a single bottle can be expensive ($24 for 250 ml,) purchasing larger quantities offers much better value ($39. Frantoio Franci: Based in Tuscany, Franci is recognized for its traditional olive oil production methods and exceptional flavor profiles. oz. It is excellent for use on simple dishes with a little intense flavor such as fried fish, meat or fish snacks, white sauces such as mayonnaise. 23. Loosely cover with plastic wrap and let them rise for 30 to 40 minutes or until they feel soft and puffy. Sold out. In this Northern Italian region, small Taggiasca olives with a fruity flavor grow abundantly on high slopes near the sea. Riso arrosto is a traditional Italian dish originating from Liguria. Put the potatoes in a pot with cold water to cover by 2 inches and salt generously. In Roman Liguria olive trees sided arable land and provided lost, yet evocatively. Extra virgin olive oil from Cordovil olive has an intense fruity taste. When brands pass off their virgin olive oil as extra virgin, they are refining out a lot of the polyphenols and compounds that provide the health benefits and potent flavor of high-quality olive oil. Bertolli, founded in 1865 in Tuscany, has become a leading Italian olive oil brand renowned for its high-quality and reasonably-priced products. Page 1 of 1 Start over Page 1 of 1 . All of the best pesto in Genoa includes Genovese. The California olive oil trade, started by 16th-century Spanish missionaries, was almost dead 10 years ago, except for small-scale producers along the Pacific Coast and in the wine country. JAPAN. According to L&P Global: "A Spanish olive oil has a nutty and rich fruity taste while Italian olive oils have a hint of herbal tang and have a grassy flavor. 9 fl oz. Olive oil and olive oil products are a nearly sacred gift throughout the Mediterranean. The golden olive oil is made from a blend of medium-fruity Italian olives and has a slightly spicy aroma. Moraiolo and Frantoio, the olives of Tuscan oil. Garda DOP – Veneto, Lombardy and Trentino. Best Olive Oils for 2018. If you are making pesto at home, this is the olive oil to use. RANKING OF THE WORLD'S BEST ORGANIC OLIVE OILS 2022/2023. Pompeian Mild Taste Olive Oil is used for meat, sauces, kinds of pasta, and pizzas. Colavita Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Two of three samples failed. Legend has it that the “taggiasca olive trees” were cultivated by Benedictine monks, who brought them to Liguria. 5. ANFOSSO Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Antipasti Taggiascia olives are produced in the Region of Liguria and are prized as one of Italy's finest olives. Taggiasca, Colombaia, Leccino and Maurino are the main varieties of the olives with. 00. They have also been. Quantity. Extra virgin olive oil from Lake Garda has a delicate, elegant flavour profile, and a light to medium aroma with notes of fresh grass, aromatic herbs, hay, artichoke, and a unique almond aftertaste. You shouldn’t run into any serious problems when using this oil to stir-fry or sautee, but keep an eye on your burner. Drizzle bottom and sides of pan with oil and use your fingers to coat. Toscano IGP – Tuscany. ALL NATURAL PRODUCTION - Milling the olives within 24 hr of picking or less, results in a high quality olive oil with high Polyphenols content (antioxidants) you can taste, and Low Acidity levels. The Olive Tree Extra Virgin Olive Oil 1L. 97 $1. Mustela Hydrating Cream With Olive Oil and Aloe, 150 ml. Kosterina Spicy Red Pepper Olive Oil Go to review. Get nutrition facts, prices, and more. Liguria. Another Buttery, Rich Olive Oil: Yiaya Extra Virgin Olive Oil. Frantoio di Sant'Agta d'Oneglia Pitted Taggiasca Olives. It comes exclusively from the small, fragrant olives of the 'Taggiasca' variety which give a low acidity, golden yellow oil with a delicate flavour. The mussels are cooked in water until they open. In chemical terms extra virgin olive oil is described as having a free acidity, expressed as oleic acid, of not more than 0. The 18 rooms tell a story of the origon of olive growing and olive oil producing. of water to 800 g. The precious olives that produce this oil are harvested by hand in the old, traditional way. 00 USD Sale price $38. Italian olive oil is typically a darker green, has a grassier taste, and a more. It has a fresh, potent, and authentic taste, and is useful for many 'raw' uses, including salads and with fresh bread. Colavita Mediterranean Extra Virgin Olive Oil. Heraclea Early Harvest is also made from Turkish Memecik olives, albeit from earlier in the season. Aldi Just Organic 1. 9. Stir in the leftover vegetables, salt, pepper and the herbs and cook for 4 minutes. C. $ 13. Sold out. Roi oil, and all other products, are born where the beauty of nature takes your breath away and where the human hand moves with deep respect. A Versatile Olive Oil Set: Graza Drizzle and Sizzle. In this beautiful land on the border with France, with abundant vegetation, nothing is more typical than the oil. The Olive Tree Australian Extra Virgin Olive Oil Large 3L. oz. While all types of olives are delicious, if you've never eaten a Taggiasca olive, you're in for a real treat. Taggiasca Olives - Benza - Liguria. A best-seller at Williams Sonoma, Frantoio Muraglia’s Extra-Virgin Olive Oil ($55 to $106) comes in an adorably striped bottle and makes the perfect gift. TURKOLIVE GIDA TARIM. To the store. Like apples and bread, olive oil is better fresh. Anfosso Ligurian EVOO is the ideal companion for Mediterranean-inspired cuisine. Here are the main varieties of olive oils and what they’re best used for: Extra virgin olive oil: best used as a seasoning or in salads. The pressing of the olives is undertaken every year from about October until about February. Virgin olive oil: best for shallow frying and baking. Pulse until finely chopped. Remove the foam that has formed on the surface and add 250 ml of water and salt to taste, stirring with a whisk. Best Olive Oil Brands 2022; Best Flavored Olive Oils 2022; Archive. Farm Cuvea produce ligurian olive oil totally organic and cold pressed in the italian Riviera. Amazon. 95 ( $1. between 60 and 500 meters above sea level. Stir with a rubber spatula until incorporated, then scrape down the bowl and cover with plastic wrap. News - Monday, August 30, 2021 . Preheat the oven to 450 degrees. Pour warm water (90°F), honey, and olive oil into the center of the dry ingredients. also known as Hermes, which flexed its legal muscle to force a name change. OLIVE OIL FROM LIGURIA ITALY - Cultivar Ogliarola-Taggiasca is Italian olive oil from Liguria, Italy, imported and delivered fresh to you. Rochelle Bilow. 00 USD. 95 for 1250 ml. The Taggiasca olive is grown along both the Riviera dei Fiori and Riviera del Ponente. Now 10% Off. $1999 ($10. 99 $ 34 . It is made and packaged in Spain. One of the most important trade items in history, it is used for practically everything: cooking oil, finishing and drizzling, sauces, bread and more. shutterstock. Frantoia Extra Virgin Olive Oil A quintessential Italian brand, Frantoia is the preferred choice for master chefs and Italian grandmothers everywhere. Ligurian olive oil was clearly differentiated from the other oils and the multivariate analysis allowed the construction of Liguria class models with good predictive ability, high sensitivity and. Figaro Extra Virgin Olive Oil, 1L ₹ 899. $24. OLIVE OIL FROM LIGURIA ITALY - Cultivar Ogliarola-Taggiasca is Italian olive oil from Liguria, Italy, imported and delivered fresh to you. If there's no brine, make your own—just add a teaspoon of salt to a cup and a half of water. Be rewarded with a tasty lunch with local food and wine and then a guided tour of an oil press with a. The world's finest olive oil is obtained from the Taggiasca olive, which grows here in Liguria. A mixture is made up of 99% fat, divided as follows (on an average of 100 grams of product): 14. 99 ($2. Oils produced in Tuscany are often characterized by their pleasing, peppery bite. This Portuguese olive variety has a sweet fruity taste and meaty flesh that separates easily from the pit. This lasagna casserole is usually made with a combination of lasagne pasta, potatoes, pesto, butter, flour, milk, basil, grated parmesan, salt, and pepper. By doing so, you can find a high-quality product that enhances the flavors of your meals and delivers an authentic Italian experience. Best Premium: Oleamea Organic Private. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. ’ But the word can also mean ‘mishmash,’ and in Liguria, polpettone is a baked mishmash of. OLIVASTRO. 06/Fl Oz)The San Martino Mill is an ancient family-run oil mill that produces quality olive oil from Taggiasca olives grown, harvested and processed according to a slow and traditional method. OGLIAROLA & TAGGIASCA OLIVES - Due to recent weather conditions, there was only a small yield of Taggiasca olives this year, so we have created this delicious blend of Taggiasca and Ogliarola olives. From the brand. com #OliveOil #ExtraVirginOliveOil #RegionalOliveOil #LigurianOliveOilBurrida is a traditional Ligurian fish soup that's often also described as a stew. Delight in the rich culinary heritage of Genoa, where age-old traditions blend seamlessly with modern Italian flair. No. The history of the. Skip to main content. Amazon. Directly from Liguria farm Cuvea produces 100% Taggiasca extra virgin olive oil, totally organic. Roi oil, and all other products, are born where the beauty of nature takes your breath away and where the human hand moves with deep respect. Bake focaccia: Bake for 25-30 minutes, or until golden brown and puffed around the edges. $48. Medium - Green - Fresh. The ingredients are mixed until the dough becomes firm, and it is then rolled and baked until golden brown. These small brown or dark orange olives are cured in brine to enhance their fruity flavor. 19 ($0. usROI Ligurian Italian Extra Virgin Olive Oil - First Cold Pressed EVOO, Fresh harvest - Ogliarola-Taggiasca Ligurian Olives - Polyphenol Rich Olive Oil From Liguria Italy - 17 fl oz (500ml) $34. Ligurian Olive Oil Cake Recipe - Anne Quatrano | Food & Wine. Preheat oven to 400°. Olive Oil Brand Producer Country Type CULTIVAR; HQS: ORTICE BIO : FRANTOIO ROMANO: Italy: MONOCULTIVAR & ORGANIC: Ortice: HQS: EL EMPIEDRO : SDAD COOP LA PRISIMA: Italy: PDO:shutterstock. The Taggiasca olive is native to the aromatic groves of Liguria, beloved by local olive oil producers for it's pleasing sweetness and clean fruity palate. Adding more than one box to the cart you will be entitled to a 3% discount. March 23, 2020 by Bruce McMichael. It has a fresh, potent, and authentic taste, and is useful for many 'raw' uses, including salads and with fresh bread. Best Italian Olive Oil Brands (2023 Update) Last Updated on October 3, 2023 by Just A Taste When you shop through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. 7 oz Monte Etna extra virgin olive oil is obtained from the Nocellara Etnea olive variety, which must make up at least 65% of the groves. Itinerary. Amazon. It also adds flavor to vegetables, fish, chicken, sandwiches, bruschetta, soups and more. Taggiasca: Ligurian olive oil is obtained from this olive. It must be produced entirely by mechanical means without the use of any solvents, and under temperatures that will not degrade the oil (less than 86°F, 30°C). Visit the Gustiamo Store. No. Add oil in a slow, steady stream, beating until combined. The pressing of the olives is undertaken every year from about October until about February. Learn more. "The wines of Liguria could even make stones blossom". 7 60 ratings. 1. No. 100% TAGGIASCA OLIVES – The best Ligurian Olive Oil comes exclusively from the first cold pressing of selected Taggiasca olives, made with stone millstones. We. 9. A Buttery, Rich Olive Oil: Iliada Extra Virgin Olive Oil. La Tourangelle, Organic Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Cold-Pressed High Antioxidant Picual Olives From Spain, 25. 95. “Good Greek olive tastes like heavy cream and has a clean finish. Olive oil, like many oils, is a fat in liquid form. Pesto Genovese. LEARN MORE. 16 products. They all have had Jury recognition as Quality and Premium Extra Virgin Olive Oils. The most popular "Italian" brands such as Bertolli, Carapelli, Sasso, etc. Best budget. Extra virgin olive oil is partially defined by a high percentage of polyphenols (usually at least 220 milligrams per kilogram), the amino acids that coat the fat molecules and give olive oil its bitterness and fiery kick. Refrigerate both salad and dressing for about 1 hour before serving, then drizzle dressing over salad and serve. Typical price: $38. 99. This classic sauce is made with olive oil, garlic, onions, carrots, celery, tomatoes, tomato paste, and porcini mushrooms. Besides olive oil, you can also buy home-made pesto. Ligurian olive oil, the Italian gold elixir By Anna Merulla When we think. EVOO and olives in a short supply chain dedicated to regional restaurants and shops. YAMAMOTO CLUB. May 5 2022, 06:28 | by Gambero Rosso. There are tons of different brands and I don't think there are some that are commonly considered better. Make the lemon cake: Preheat oven to 350 degrees with rack in center. In conclusion, when looking for the best Italian olive oil brands, it's important to consider factors such as authenticity, labeling, and personal taste preferences. The natural bitterness is reduced by this aging process. Opening hours of the natural food store: Monday to Saturday: 2:00 p. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. Anfosso Tomato Sauce with Basil in Extra Virgin Olive Oil. The history of the ancient oil mill and that of the precious Ligurian extra virgin olive oil go hand in. Visit the Gustiamo Store. 03-0. 1. (Kathy Gunst/Here & Now) This Ligurian dish is ideal for this time of year. Mar. 00 USD Unit price / per . You'll find the best Extra Virgin Olive Oils of 2018 ranked by the MOOOIC Jury. to 7:00 p. 1 day ago · Preheat the oven to 450 degrees. The extra virgin olive oil is also certified kosher, verified non-GMO, and. are further processed and are typically blends of different olive oils. Liguria is divided into 3 zones where grow 3 different types of olives from which are obtain 3 different types of oil: Olio di Riviera dei Fiori (oil from Western Ligurian Riviera) the most frequent olives in that part of Liguria are olive taggasche. Ligurian oil is very fruity yet mild, making it perfect for cooking in everything from savoury to sweet dishes and is always used as seasoning. $14 from Amazon. Olio Extravergine di Oliva a Denominazione di Origine Protetta "Riviera Ligure - Riviera dei Fiori" is produced in limited quantities in the harsh, intractable land of west Liguria, where the Taggiasca olive has always been grown. So, if you are the one looking to shift from these oils, it is your go-to oil. Genoa province is the most populated with almost 900,000 people. this Ligurian cake. There are 65 products. It’s some of the best Italian olive oil, and you’ll have countless. 4: View On Amazon: 6: Raineri Gold Unfiltered Extra Virgin Olive Oil - 33. 8 oz: 9: View On Amazon: 7: Riviera Ligure extra virgin oil pdo has got by olives called Taggiasche: 9: View On Amazon: 8: ROI Ligurian Italian Extra Virgin Olive Oil First Cold Pressed - 100% Taggiasca Ligurian. Medium - Green - Unfiltered. La Tourangelle Organic Bright & Peppery Extra Virgin Olive Oil. When the vintages were good, however, Ligurian olive oil was transported along ancient communication routes via long caravans of mules, laden with wineskins containing the precious Ligurian gold. Here is a list of the best ones. The major difference is that the major purpose they serve is roasting and sauteing. O Olive Oil - Sherry Wine Vinegar, 10. The Taggiasca Monocultivar Extra Virgin Olive Oil from Roi is obtained exclusively with taggiasca olives that grow in Roi's olive groves near their mill in Badalucco, close to Imperia, in the northwestern region of Liguria. The locals were out in force and that did my heart good. 100. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for ROI Ligurian Italian Extra Virgin Olive Oil - First Cold Pressed EVOO, Fresh harvest - Ogliarola-Taggiasca Ligurian Olives - Polyphenol Rich Olive Oil From Liguria Italy - 17 fl oz (500ml) at Amazon. In an 8 to 10-inch ovenproof skillet, heat the oil or butter. Our production of Extra Virgin Olive Oil derives exclusively from the first cold pressing of the olives of Cultivar Taggiasca, made with the newest technology. Remove from oven: Lift the focaccia from the pan with the parchment paper edges onto a cutting board. While La Tourangelle. Their precious gift, extra virgin olive oil, is the star of the Mediterranean diet and the protagonist of new tourism trends. This is THE classic Ligurian extra virgin olive oil, hailing from that special spot nestled between the Italian Riviera and Alps. The authentic pesto. browse our online shop. olive oil and other. Extra virgin olive oil from Liguria is one of the most popular oils that are appreciated not only in Italy but all over the world. In a large bowl whisk together flour and salt then add the yeast mixture and the olive oil. Stay full for longer. 1 fl oz. Arbequina Olives. The brand started in 1958 in Montenero d’ Orcia in Tuscany by brothers Franco and Fernando Franci. The province of La Spezia is the smallest but is dense with things for tourists to see, including Portofino, the Cinque Terre, Lerice and. 072368424675. The 10 Best Italian Olive Oil Brands Only lovers of true cuisine know how important it is. The dish is a combination of two elements: trofie, the Ligurian hand-rolled pasta made with flour and water, and pesto, a famous green sauce consisting of seven elements: basil, garlic, olive oil, pine nuts, salt, and two types of cheese. 1. Fry them until golden, about seven or eight minutes, at 325°F in an inch and a half or two inches of neutral oil jazzed up with 1/2 cup olive oil. Yet most major U. Like other agricultural products, olive oil's quality wanes over time, but slowly. California Olive Ranch Extra Virgin Olive Oil Go to review. La Tourangelle. 91 Fl Oz (Pack of 1) 309. 45 fl. Add to. Whole Foods Market Spanish Extra Virgin Olive Oil Why. 129,00 €. Olivolandia is an exclusive beauty line that contains Taggiasca extra virgin olive oil: a precious ingredient with hydrating, nourishing, soothing, repairing and anti-aging properties on the skin. Extra details. In an 8 to 10-inch ovenproof skillet, heat the oil or butter. Ligurian extra virgin olive oil has a high caloric content, due to its particular composition that sees a high presence of fat: it contains about 309 calories (or 899 Kcal) for every 100 grams of the product. The unfortunately named Calivirgin had an intense, spicy finish, offering a sweet fruitiness alongside vibrant grassy, almondy flavors. 1. Based on traditional Italian recipes, Filippo Berio red and green pestos are the premier choice in pesto brands using only the finest ingredients. Here in Liguria, we produce one of the finest oils obtained from the. Tuscany is generally regarded as one of the best oil (and wine) producing regions in Italy, and is home to the country’s only IGP (or PGI) label. 40 for 500ml. In an 8 to 10-inch ovenproof skillet, heat the oil or butter. Compare products. You could use a metal spatula to check that the bottom crust nice, crisp and golden brown. Schinosa Coratina. Price. Soft and velvety, small but packing a fruity punch, Benza Taggiasca olives are THE perfect snacking olive. DOP OLIVE OIL - The olives come exclusively from selected suppliers, which certify that the origin of the raw material is Italian (100% Ligurian) and Cultivar Taggiasca. Given the cost — many of these olive oils are around $30 a bottle, compared to $9 for a store brand like Cento — good olive oil is a treat for many, which often lines up well with brands. Olives have been cultivated. The best olive oils from Liguria. Sprinkle on the chopped rosemary. Medium-sized with a good flesh-to-pit ratio, manzanilla olives represent what most people think of as Spanish olives — so much so that another name for them is Spanish olive. $1325 ($1. Find Out More. Step 2 Into a medium bowl, sift together the 1 3/4 cups of flour, baking powder and salt. Category: Extra virgin olive oil. Corto harvests their olives when they're young and antioxidants are at their peak (compared to many other olive oil brands that harvest them when. Olive oil in Liguria has a history that dates back to the 14th century. ANATOLIAN GOLD. 3.